{"id":64964,"date":"2017-08-03T00:05:00","date_gmt":"2017-08-02T22:05:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/beta.next-finance.net\/opinion\/central-banks-from-doves-to-hawks\/"},"modified":"2017-08-03T00:05:00","modified_gmt":"2017-08-02T22:05:00","slug":"central-banks-from-doves-to-hawks","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/beta.next-finance.net\/en\/opinion\/central-banks-from-doves-to-hawks\/","title":{"rendered":"Central banks: from doves to hawks?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>After several months of bond rally, long-term rates for<br \/>\nG10 countries are on an uptrend again. The previous<br \/>\nphase of yield curve resteepening dates back to Trump\u2019s<br \/>\nsurprise presidential election victory in the US, with the<br \/>\nensuing hopes of massive fiscal stimulus. Disappointment<br \/>\non 1Q growth on the other side of the pond, along with<br \/>\nthe executive\u2019s stalemate in the tough negotiations with<br \/>\nCongress ended this downtrend on sovereign bonds. This<br \/>\ntime, the sell-off on fixed income was not due to an<br \/>\nimprovement in world growth, which has stabilized at a<br \/>\nthree-year high, or fresh promises of fiscal generosity,<br \/>\nbut rather was a result of a slew of menacing comments<br \/>\nfrom central banks (Fed, ECB, Bank of England, Bank of<br \/>\nCanada, Swedish Riksbank). <\/p>\n<p>Despite different specifics for each of the economies<br \/>\ninvolved, the sound performance from world growth,<br \/>\nequity markets on a high and desperately low volatility<br \/>\nare shared factors that can explain this change in tone<br \/>\nfrom central banks.<\/p>\n<p><quote>In the US, the UK, Sweden and Canada, central bankers<br \/>\nhave taken on board an economic situation that is coming<br \/>\nclose to full employment, with a risk of overheating not of<br \/>\ninflation, but rather of private debt and asset prices (real<br \/>\nestate, equities).<\/quote><br \/>\n The Chair of the New York Federal<br \/>\nReserve clearly expressed the Fed\u2019s frustration on<br \/>\nflattening of the yield curve since the start of the<br \/>\ntightening cycle that kicked off in 2015, which, as it had<br \/>\nindicated in a speech in late 2015, would warrant an<br \/>\nacceleration in monetary tightening (rate hikes, balance<br \/>\nsheet pruning).<\/p>\n<p>In Canada, the change in stance seems to be part of a<br \/>\nwider strategy to counter the real estate bubble that has<br \/>\nemerged in several states, and includes several macroprudential<br \/>\nmeasures i.e. borrower stress tests, tax on<br \/>\nforeign investment.<\/p>\n<p>In Sweden, a small economy that is highly dependent on<br \/>\nexternal trade, the Riksbank has long favored currency<br \/>\ncompetitiveness at the expense of financial stability, to<br \/>\nthe extent that it let household debt rise to worrying<br \/>\nlevels.<\/p>\n<p>In the UK, Mark Carney has to deal with an economy that<br \/>\nis close to full employment but which will suffer from a<br \/>\npolitical and economic shock from the UK\u2019s forthcoming<br \/>\nwithdrawal from the EU and high imported inflation.<\/p>\n<p><strong>In these four countries, the danger is that the<br \/>\nnormalization in interest rates will come too late to avoid<br \/>\na severe correction in asset prices, with retroactive<br \/>\neffects on the economy and the prospects for hitting the<br \/>\ninflation target, thereby revealing the conflict between<br \/>\nthe central banks\u2019 institutional mandate (inflation, full<br \/>\nemployment) and financial stability (role played by<br \/>\nwealth effects relating to asset valuations in reaching full<br \/>\nemployment).<br \/>\n<br \/>The ECB is not (yet) faced with this dilemma, but it must<br \/>\nsteer its communication to deal with another ambiguity<br \/>\narising from the conflict between the risk of overheating<br \/>\nin Germany on the one hand, and support for debtridden<br \/>\nperipheral economies on the other.<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In the US, the UK, Sweden and Canada, central bankers<br \/>\nhave taken on board an economic situation that is coming<br \/>\nclose to full employment, with a risk of overheating not of<br \/>\ninflation, but rather of private debt and asset prices (real<br \/>\nestate, equities). <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":64962,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[1480],"tags":[1655,1943,1651,2087,1678],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/beta.next-finance.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/64964"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/beta.next-finance.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/beta.next-finance.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/beta.next-finance.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/beta.next-finance.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=64964"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"http:\/\/beta.next-finance.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/64964\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/beta.next-finance.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/64962"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/beta.next-finance.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=64964"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/beta.next-finance.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=64964"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/beta.next-finance.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=64964"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}